¹ The FOI Act appears in the United States Code at 5 U.S.C. § 552.

² Memorandum for Heads of Departments and Agencies , Re: FOI Act, Office of the Attorney General (Oct. 12, 2001)

³ Memorandum for Heads of Departments and Agencies, Re: FOI Act, Office of the Attorney General (Oct. 4, 1993)

⁴ The Corporation for Public Broadcasting claims it is not covered by the FOI Act. However, corporation spokespersons say FOI Act requests received by the corporation are voluntarily processed in accordance with the FOI Act.

⁵ Forsham v. Harris, 445 U.S. 169 (1980)

⁶ Bureau of National Affairs v. Department of Justice, 742 F.2d 1484 (D.C. Cir. 1984)

⁷ Wolfe v. Department of Health and Human Services, 711 F.2d 1077 (D.C. Cir. 1983)

⁸ Zemansky v. Environmental Protection Agency, 767 F.2d 569, 574 (9th Cir. 1985)

⁹ 44 U.S.C. § 4101(a)(1)

¹⁰ Freedom of Information Reform Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-570, §§ 1801-1804, 100 Stat. 3248 (1986)

¹¹ OMB Uniform Freedom of Information Act Fee Schedule and Guidelines, 52 Fed. Reg. 10,012 (1987)

¹² National Security Archive v. Department of Defense, 880 F.2d 1381 (D.C. Cir. 1989), cert. denied 494 U.S. 1029 (1990)

¹³ See n. 12, supra.

¹⁴ Justice Department memorandum to all federal agency heads, New FOI Fee Waiver Policy Guidance, from Assistant Attorney General, Office of Legal Policy, April 2, 1987.

¹⁵ Director of Public Affairs, U.S. Department of Justice, Room 1128, 950 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20530

¹⁶ Open America v. Watergate Special Prosecution Force, 547 F.2d 605 (D.C. Cir. 1976)

¹⁷ 28 U.S.C. § 2401(a). The general statute of limitations for civil suits against the federal government is six years.

¹⁸ 28 U.S.C. § 1657

¹⁹ Vaughn v. Rosen (II), 523 F.2d 1136 (D.C. Cir. 1975)

²⁰ Executive Order No. 12,958, 3 C.F.R. 333 (1995)

²¹ Executive Order No. 13,292, titled “Further Amendment to Executive Order No. 12,958, as Amended, Classified National Security Information,” 68 Fed. Reg. 15,315 (March 28, 2003)

²² Phillippi v. CIA, 546 F.2d 1009 (D.C. Cir. 1976)

²³ 32 CFR 2001.54(f)

²⁴ 32 CFR Chapter XX and Part 2001

²⁵ Department of the Air Force v. Rose, 425 U.S. 352 (1976)

²⁶ Protecting Vulnerability Assessments through Application of Exemption 2, FOIA UPDATES, Vol. X, No. 3 (1989)

²⁷ Living Rivers, Inc. v. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, 272 F. Supp. 2d 1313, D. Utah (March 25, 2003); Coastal Delivery Corp v. U.S. Customs Service, 272 F. Supp. 2d 958, C.D. Cal. (March 17, 2003)

²⁸ Maricopa Audubon Society v. United States Forest Service, 108 F.3d 1082 (9th Cir. 1997) and Audubon Society v. United States Forest Service, 104 F.3d 1201 (10th Cir. 1997)

²⁹ Crooker v. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, 670 F.2d 1051 (D.C. Cir. 1981)

³⁰ 50 U.S.C. § 402

³¹ CIA Information Act, Pub. L. No. 98-477, 98 Stat. 2009 (1984)

³² 50 U.S.C. § 403-3(c)(5)(Supp. IV 1992)

³³ American Jewish Congress v. Kreps, 574 F.2d 624 (D.C. Cir. 1978)

³⁴ CNA Fin. Corp. v. Donovan, 830 F.2d 1132 (D.C. Cir 1987), cert. denied, 485 U.S. 977 (1988)

³⁵ 49 U.S.C. § 1504; see S. Rep. No. 1178, 94th Cong., 2d Sess. 25 (1976)

³⁶ Cal-Almond, Inc. v. USDA, 960 F.2d 105 (9th Cir. 1992)

³⁷ Pub. L. No. 98-477, 98 Stat. 2209, § 2(c) (amending subsection (t) of the Privacy Act, 5 U.S.C. § 552a(t))

³⁸ 26 U.S.C. § 6103; Zale v. Internal Revenue Service, 481 F. Supp. 486 (D.D.C. 1979)

³⁹ Fed. R. Crim. P. 6(e)

⁴⁰ Fund for Constitutional Gov’t v. National Archives & Records Serv., 485 F.Supp 1 (D.D.C. 1978), aff’d in part, rev’d in part, 656 F.2d 856 (D.C. Cir. 1981)

⁴¹ Homeland Security Act, Public Law No. 107-296, Section 214

⁴² Public Citizen Health Research Group v. Food and Drug Administration, 704 F.2d 1280 (D.C. Cir. 1983)

⁴³ National Parks and Conservation Ass’n v. Morton, 498 F.2d 765 (D.C. Cir. 1974)

⁴⁴ Critical Mass Energy Project v. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 975 F.2d 871 (D.C. Cir. 1992)

⁴⁵ Federal Open Market Committee v. Merrill, 443 U.S. 340 (1979)

⁴⁶ U.S. v. Weber Aircraft Co., 465 U.S. 792 (1983)

⁴⁷ Department of Interior v. Klamath Water Users Protective Assn., 532 U.S. 1 (2001)

⁴⁸ New York Times v. NASA, 920 F.2d 1002 (D.C. Cir. 1990)(en banc)

⁴⁹ 5 C.F.R. § 293.311

⁵⁰ Summers v. Department of Justice, 999 F.2d 570 (D.C. Cir. 1993)

⁵¹ Department of Justice v. Reporters Committee, 489 U.S. 749 (1989)

⁵² Department of Justice v. Reporters Committee, see above

⁵³ National Archives and Records Administration v. Favish, 124 S.Ct. 1570 (2004)

⁵⁴ Electronic Freedom of Information Act, Public Law No. 104-231 (1996)

⁵⁵ S. Rep. No. 104-272 (1996) (Additional views of Sen. Leahy)

⁵⁶ Department of State v. Ray, 502 U.S. 164 (1991)

⁵⁷ Federal Bureau of Investigation v. Abramson, 456 U.S. 615 (1982)

⁵⁸ Center for National Security Studies v. Department of Justice, 331 F 3d 918 (D.C. Cir. 2003) (cert. pet. denied 124 S.Ct. 1041 (Jan. 12, 2004))

⁵⁹ National Archives and Records Administration, see above

⁶⁰ Department of Justice v. Landano, 508 U.S. 165 (1993)

⁶¹ Kiraly v. Federal Bureau of Investigation, 728 F.2d 273 (6th Cir. 1984)

⁶² Living Rivers, see above; Coastal Delivery Corp., see above