II. Authority for and source of the right

Iowa has not adopted a shield law statute. Authority for the reporter's privilege in Iowa is based upon the First Amendment to the United States Constitution and Article I, § 7, of the Iowa Constitution. Winegard v. Oxberger, 258 N.W.2d 847, 3 Med. L. Rptr. 1326 (Iowa 1977). Iowa decisions rely heavily on Branzburg v. Hayes, 408 U.S. 665, 1 Med. L. Rptr. 2617 (1972), Garland v. Torre, 259 F.2d 545, 1 Med. L. Rptr. 2541 (2nd Cir. 1958), cert. denied, 358 U.S. 910 (1958), and In re Farber, 78 N.J. 259, 394 A.2d 330, 4 Med. L. Rptr. 1360 (N.J. 1978), cert. denied 439 U.S. 997 (1978).